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London's Central Criminal Court Sessions Papers for April 1895 were blunt, declaring that "the details of this case are unfit for publication." The case was Oscar Wilde's first trial, a libel action brought against the Marquess of Queensberry for publicly calling him a homosexual. What unfolded in the court was one of Victorian London's most infamous scandals: the great, doomed love affair between Wilde and Lord Alfred "Bosie" Douglas, the Marquess's son. When it became public, it cost Wilde everything.
Merlin Holland, Wilde's grandson and a noted researcher and archivist, has discovered the original transcript of the trial that led to his grandfather's tragedy. Here for the first time is the true, uncensored record, free of the distortions and censorship of previous accounts.
On 18 February 1895, Bosie's father delivered a note to the Albemarle Club addressed to "Oscar Wilde posing as a somdomite [sic]." With Bosie's encouragement, Wilde decided to sue the Marquess for libel. As soon as the trial opened, London's literary darling was at the center of the greatest scandal of his time.
Wilde's fall from grace was swift: having lost this case, he was in turn prosecuted and later imprisoned. Bankrupted, he fled to Paris never to see his family again. Within five years he was dead, his health never having recovered from the years in Reading gaol.
This remarkable book reveals Wilde on trial for his life, though he did not know it -- his confidence ebbing under the relentless cross-questioning, the wit for which he was so celebrated gradually deserting him under the remorseless scrutiny. The tragic climax falls when Wilde is betrayed by his own cleverness, unconsciously playing into the prosecutor's hands. With that his cause is lost.
- Sales Rank: #1604674 in Books
- Published on: 2003-11-04
- Released on: 2003-11-04
- Format: Deckle Edge
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.21" w x 6.13" l,
- Binding: Hardcover
- 384 pages
From Publishers Weekly
In 1895, Oscar Wilde was sentenced to two years of hard labor for "committing acts of gross indecency with other male persons." Wilde's story became a cautionary tale for homosexuals in Victorian England; in the century since, he has come to be celebrated as a martyr of the gay struggle for recognition. This volume, with an introduction and commentary by Wilde's grandson, Holland, publishes for the first time the unabridged transcript of the first of the three infamous trials that resulted in Wilde's destruction. The irony, as Holland's introduction makes abundantly clear, is that Wilde courted his imprisonment, suing his inamorata's father, the Marquess Queensberry, John Douglass, for libel when Queensberry left a card for him at the Albemarle Club that read, "For Oscar Wilde, posing sodomite." Wilde might have been best served by tearing up the card and forgetting it; instead, he pressed charges. But Wilde's riskiest step was treating the witness stand as a theatrical stage. When a prosecutor asked him if he had kissed a certain young man, Wilde joked, "Oh no, never in my life. He was a peculiarly plain boy." With that one flippant comment, Holland's text suggests, the die was cast. But the transcript and Holland's judicious notes also reveal how ill-served Wilde was by his counsel. Some of the same letters that were later used to convict Wilde were introduced by his own lawyers in this first trial as evidence. The general reader might find a work that condenses all three trial transcripts into one narrative, such as Moises Kaufman's stage adaptation, Gross Indecency: The Three Trials of Oscar Wilde, more accessible, but this volume is invaluable for the Wilde enthusiast, the legal scholar, the champion of human rights and the student of English literature.
Copyright 2003 Reed Business Information, Inc.
Review
“Brilliant.” (Seattle Weekly)
“Tantalizing.” (Los Angeles Times)
“Inordinately gripping.” (New York Times)
“A fascinating document for anyone interested in the law or literature…as compelling as a Shakespearean tragedy.” (Legal Times)
“Invaluable for the Wilde enthusiast, the legal scholar, the champion of human rights, and the student of English literature.” (Publishers Weekly)
“A gripping and fascinating volume [that]...ranks with the Apology, Plato’s account of the trial of Socrates.” (Daily Telegraph (London))
“An essential for aficionados...at times it is easy to forget that this is not one of Wilde’s own playscripts.” (The Observer)
“This narrative remind[s] us what an extraordinary man his grandfather was—and how much he influenced the 20th century.” (New York Times Book Review on The Wilde Album)
“The author has a wry lucid style that moves along briskly...an excellent little book.” (Sunday Boston Globe on The Wilde Album)
“Sharp, unillusioned and free from family piety.” (Daily Telegraph (London) on The Wilde Album)
“Marvellous … a feast.” (The Independent on The Wilde Album)
“Touching … sharp, unsentimental … an expectedly vivid portrait.” (London Times on The Wilde Album)
About the Author
Merlin Holland is Oscar Wilde's only grandson. He has been researching Wilde's life for the last twenty years. He is the coeditor of The Complete Letters of Oscar Wilde.
Most helpful customer reviews
31 of 32 people found the following review helpful.
A Genuine Tragedy
By Rob Hardy
It wasn't a capital trial, but the 1895 libel proceedings of Oscar Wilde against the Marquess of Queensberry were in their way tragic and terrible. Entering the trial, Wilde was a celebrity and a playwright with the magnificently silly _The Importance of Being Ernest_ in successful performance in London and New York. Afterwards, he was pursued, tried, convicted, and imprisoned at hard labor for the then crime of homosexuality. It is a story that has been told many times and turned into dramas. Those of us who love Wilde's writing and outrageous wit will always wonder what would have happened if he had been able to write and live as he wished, instead of being ruined and sent to an early death. Amazingly, the trial record has until now been unavailable. There were summaries, and publication of extracts, but only with _The Real Trial of Oscar Wilde: The First Uncensored Transcript of the Trial of Oscar Wilde vs. John Douglas (Marquess of Queensberry)_, 1895 (Fourth Estate) do we have a full record. In 2000, an anonymous source donated a transcript of the trial to the British Library. It was authenticated, and has now been edited by Merlin Holland, Wilde's grandson. Anyone interested in Wilde's life and writing will be fascinated by this verbatim record which puts judge, prosecutor, defender, and of course Wilde himself on the stage of the Old Bailey to play out their roles verbatim.
Holland has a useful introduction to recall the details of how Wilde was snared into legal doom, spurred by his young man Lord Alfred Douglas ("Bosie") to bother Bosie's abominable father Queensberry. When, after several skirmishes, Queensberry left his calling card at Wilde's club, with the words "To Oscar Wilde posing as somdomite" (spelling was one of the Marquess's shortcomings), Wilde should have thrown it into the fire. Instead, egged on by Bosie, he took Queensberry to court for libel. It was the mistake of his life.; as Holland writes, "If I could ask my grandfather a single question, it would have to be, 'Why on earth did you do it?'" Wilde did not take advice that he leave the country, and so sealed his own doom. Most of the pages of this book are the words from the trial, and most of those words come from the bouts with Wilde in the witness box. Initially he seemed to enjoy his role in the events, and gave as good as he got. For much of the repartee reported here, the transcriber notes: "(_laughter_.)" and "(_more laughter_.)" But an eventual flippant answer overthrew Wilde on the stand, although his case could not have been won. When Carson asked about a companion, "Did you ever kiss him?" Wilde replied, "Oh, no, never in my life; he was a peculiarly plain boy." It was not long after that Wilde and his lawyers withdrew the charges, and Queensberry was declared not guilty.
If Queensbury was not guilty of libel, it was reasonable to think that his accusations were truthful, and with the evidence already gathered, Queensberry assisted in a speedy arrest of Wilde, who once again had refused advice that he leave the country. The subsequent trials, one with a hung jury and one finding him guilty of gross indecency, are not covered in this volume. Wilde had two years of hard labor, and three sad years of exile before his death in Paris in 1900. He produced the mordant "Ballad of Reading Gaol" but little else during these years, and while there are plenty of examples that his wit remained in conversation, we were robbed of subsequent examples of the delicious laughter that had come from each of his successively improving plays. This is a useful book as full documentation of the first trial, and Holland has given helpful notes throughout. Those who admire Wilde, however, will find it more than useful. Wilde was brilliant at Greek and admired Greek drama and life, and it is no exaggeration that the transcript of the trial, reading as it does like a piece of period theater, has all the marks of a classic tragedy.
19 of 19 people found the following review helpful.
An amazing reading experience
By Kevin Killian
What's amazing is that, we have heard for many years about the unparalleled wit and charm of Wilde in conversation, yet until now we of course have been denied this experience. Reading these verbatim transcripts, hundreds of pages long and recently unearthed, we are given the opportunity to do this almost virtually, for the Wildean voice comes through loud and clear, with perfect crispness and distinction. This libel trial, the first of three of the Oscar Wilde trials, is almost a conversation between two persons, and the defence counsel, Carson, though incredibly scornful and insolent, is almost as intelligent and quite as good at debate as Wilde, so it's a splendid match of brains. The outcome is disheartening, though, and throughout you can't help pounding the desk and murmuring out loud, oh, Oscar, how could you have been so stupid! Or -- don't go there! So he becomes real in a way he hasn't previously, not even in the best biographies available. Queensberry and Alfred Douglas come off, in hindsight, as monsters of privilege in only quasi-human form. And poor Edward Shelley, it is plain, deserves a book of his own.
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Gripping
By Bathsheba Robie
What a fabulous find: the shorthand notes of Oscar Wilde's prosecution of the Marquess of Queensberry for libel.
The author is Oscar Wilde's grandson and his literary executor. According to him, the formal transcripts of the proceeding (the transcription from shorthand into typewritten form) has mysteriously disappeared from the Court's files. Very irregular. One wonders how/why the stenographic record survived when so much else of the official record mysteriously disappeared. The author only says the transcripts were delivered to the British Library, but does not indicate the source.
I am a lawyer and am familiar with trial procedure here in the US, but not the UK in 1895. It could be that the proceedings were taken down by private stenographers (i.e., not employees of the Crown), who would transcribe the proceedings and deliver a typed version to the Court for entry into the record. If so, then the hand written stenographic record could have remained in private hands (the stenographic company), untouched while the rest of the formal record of the trial mysteriously disappeared. How fortunate for us these records have survived.
I am not sure it's fair to blame Wilde's counsel for the debacle. Wilde swore to this man that there was no basis at all for the libel. I believe that during the trial Wilde's counsel saw the inevitable, felt let down by a client who lied to him (then a gentleman's word was his bond) and frankly didn't really care. A lying client really ties a lawyer's hands behind his or her back. (I have had first hand experience of that as a real estate lawyer. You really can't represent people who lie to you.)
In his introduction, the author says that he would like to ask his grandfather why on earth he started the action. I would too. It was insanity, knowing "what was out there" in the way of blackmailers, evidence at the Savoy Hotel and other places which would come back to bite him. Oscar Wilde and his immediate family paid a terrible price for this mistake. All of Wilde's other friends told Wilde to tear the card up. Why didn't he? I can only speculate that Wilde was sucked into the Queensberry family's "strum und drang" and was used as a pawn. All of the Queensberry family (exclusive of the father) financed Wilde's prosecution of the father. Wilde did not have sufficient funds to pay for the prosecution himself as he was facing bankruptcy at the time (another reason why it seems incredible for Wilde to start this prosecution).
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